普通模式：

普通模式正常的生产者和消费者模式，又分为简单模式Hello World和工作队列模式Work Queue

1 简单模式Hello World

生产者实现思路：

创建连接工厂ConnectionFactory，设置服务地址127.0.0.1，端口号5672，设置用户名、密码、virtual host，从连接工厂中获取连接connection，使用连接创建通道channel，使用通道channel创建队列queue，使用通道channel向队列中发送消息，关闭通道和连接。

消费者实现思路

创建连接工厂ConnectionFactory，设置服务地址127.0.0.1，端口号5672，设置用户名、密码、virtual host，从连接工厂中获取连接connection，使用连接创建通道channel，使用通道channel创建队列queue, 创建消费者并监听队列，从队列中读取消息。

2 工作队列模式Work Queue

producer生产者：

# !/usr/bin/env python
import pika
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('admin','123456')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    '192.168.56.19',5672,'/',credentials))
channel = connection.channel()

# 声明queue
channel.queue_declare(queue='balance')

# n RabbitMQ a message can never be sent directly to the queue, it always needs to go through an exchange.
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                      routing_key='balance',
                      body='Hello World!')
print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")
connection.close()

consumer消费者：

# _*_coding:utf-8_*_
__author__ = 'Alex Li'
import pika

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('admin','123456')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    '192.168.56.19',5672,'/',credentials))
channel = connection.channel()

# You may ask why we declare the queue again ‒ we have already declared it in our previous code.
# We could avoid that if we were sure that the queue already exists. For example if send.py program
# was run before. But we're not yet sure which program to run first. In such cases it's a good
# practice to repeat declaring the queue in both programs.
channel.queue_declare(queue='balance')


def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body)


channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue='balance',
                      no_ack=True)

print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()

队列持久化

当rabbitMQ意外宕机时，可能会有持久化保存队列的需求（队列中的消息不消失）。

producer：

# !/usr/bin/env python
import pika

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('admin','123456')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    '192.168.56.19',5672,'/',credentials))
channel = connection.channel()

# 声明queue
channel.queue_declare(queue='durable',durable=True)

# n RabbitMQ a message can never be sent directly to the queue, it always needs to go through an exchange.
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                      routing_key='durable',
                      body='Hello cheng!',
                      properties=pika.BasicProperties(
                          delivery_mode=2,  # make message persistent
                      )
                      )
print(" [x] Sent 'Hello cheng!'")
connection.close()

执行消费者代码cunsumer：

# _*_coding:utf-8_*_
__author__ = 'Alex Li'
import pika

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('admin','123456')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    '192.168.56.19',5672,'/',credentials))
channel = connection.channel()

# You may ask why we declare the queue again ‒ we have already declared it in our previous code.
# We could avoid that if we were sure that the queue already exists. For example if send.py program
# was run before. But we're not yet sure which program to run first. In such cases it's a good
# practice to repeat declaring the queue in both programs.
channel.queue_declare(queue='durable',durable=True)


def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body)
    ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)

channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue='durable',
                      #no_ack=True
                      )

print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()

 

订阅、路由和通配符模式，这三种模式都是用了Exchange交换机，消息没有直接发送到队列，而是发送到了交换机，经过队列绑定交换机到达队列。

一、订阅模式(Fanout Exchange)：

一个生产者，多个消费者，每一个消费者都有自己的一个队列，生产者没有将消息直接发送到队列，而是发送到了交换机，每个队列绑定交换机，生产者发送的消息经过交换机，到达队列，实现一个消息被多个消费者获取的目的。需要注意的是，如果将消息发送到一个没有队列绑定的exchange上面，那么该消息将会丢失，这是因为在rabbitMQ中exchange不具备存储消息的能力，只有队列具备存储消息的能力。

当producer发送消息到队列后，所有的consumer都会收到消息，需要注意的是，此模式下producer与concerned之间的关系类似与广播电台与收音机，如果广播后收音机没有接受到，那么消息就会丢失。

示例代码：

生产者producer：

import pika
import sys

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('admin','123456')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    '192.168.56.19',5672,'/',credentials))
channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='Clogs',
                         type='fanout')

message = ' '.join(sys.argv[1:]) or "info: Hello World!"
channel.basic_publish(exchange='Clogs',
                      routing_key='',
                      body=message)
print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)
connection.close()

 

接收者实现：

# _*_coding:utf-8_*_
__author__ = 'Alex Li'
import pika

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('admin','123456')
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    '192.168.56.19',5672,'/',credentials))
channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='Clogs',
                         type='fanout')

result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)  # 不指定queue名字,rabbit会随机分配一个名字,exclusive=True会在使用此queue的消费者断开后,自动将queue删除
queue_name = result.method.queue

channel.queue_bind(exchange='Clogs',
                   queue=queue_name)

print(' [*] Waiting for logs. To exit press CTRL+C')


def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] %r" % body)


channel.basic_consume(callback,
                      queue=queue_name,
                      no_ack=True)

channel.start_consuming()